History of Islamic banking Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

History of Islamic banking - Term Paper Example One of the significant elements of business banks is to prepare reserve funds and offer credits to the likely speculators in the economy (Saeed, 1996). The arrangement of normal banking requests a specific cost known as enthusiasm on the advances being given to the speculators (USAID, 2005). The pace of intrigue charged on credits turns out to be legitimately corresponding to the timespan for which the advance is advertised. The framework isn't the equivalent for all the banks following Islamic financial framework. This procedure of banking donnot include in offering credits that are sans premium. It is accepted that ‘riba’ or ‘usury’ which is known as intrigue is solidly taboo under the guidelines of Muslim law. Islamic banks are quickly developing everywhere throughout the world both in Muslim just as non Muslim countries. So separated from Islamic countries like Egypt, Sudan and so forth; Philippines, U.K., Denmark are additionally generally setting up Is lamic banks in their economies in spite of the fact that they contain Muslim populace as minorities. Islamic financial hypothesis believes that it is erroneous to take profits by borrowers. In contrast to the business hypotheses of standard banking, Islamic banking follows ‘riba’ which is really founded on ideas like ‘mudaraba’ and ‘musharake’ (Hamza, 2013). Consequently by this procedure the banks can't raise the ostensible estimation of credits advertised. The leading body of Islamic banks are shaped with Shariah researchers who might see that the enthusiasm of the laws is properly considered by practically all the banks observing Islamic laws. The standards of Islamic banking clarifies paying as later in the wake of purchasing is ‘halal’ however in the event that somebody charges on the credited cash even that is likewise culpable (Hosein, 2011). The normal banks deny credits without insurances or premiums. Adaptable refrains Fi xed Return on Deposits The business customary financial framework offers fixed paces of profit for the stores made by the investors. The pace of fixed return fluctuates as per the timespan for which the stores are made. By and large there are three kinds of stores or records that can be opened in standard banks which are investment funds, current and fixed stores. As assessed the best yield is gotten from the fixed stores, at that point investment funds lastly current record stores. The framework isn't the equivalent with Islamic banks, the investors saving cash in such banks get variable returns. This is on the grounds that the profits are given from the benefits made by the Islamic banks. So the contributors may land up with either benefit or misfortune. These banks adhere to a severe guideline of putting resources into the destitution lightening and provincial improvement programs. Frequently because of the more noteworthy significance given in the government assistance viewpoint s potential stores face misfortunes kept in these banks. It is discovered that the absence of premiums in investors is getting dangerous in the developments of such banks. It is expressed regardless of the considerable number of issues looked by the contributors nobody has really confronted issues of making a misfortune in an Islamic Bank. The order stores kept in the Islamic banks are under the agreement of ‘Wadiah’. The reserve kept in the Islamic banks isn't utilized for interests in the market. The reserve must be contributed on the off chance that it is approved by the investors. The diverse current, investment funds, or other store plans offered by an Islamic bank are constantly made extremely appealing to the investors. The agreement of ‘Mudharaba’ regularly set the interest stores in the Islamic banks. Here and there the pace of interests that the investors get is straightforwardly relative to

How to Write a Business Plan

How to Write a Business PlanMaking a business plan is one of the most important steps in starting a business. Business plans are typically large and you should work with a professional to develop it for you. This article describes what a business plan should include, the parts that are important and how to write your own business plan.The first two most important elements in a business plan are your objectives and financial projections. Your goals for the business and the scope of the project you're going to execute are key elements in the success of the business. Be specific about the benefits that you hope to generate from your endeavor. Of course, the project will have an impact on the future revenue of the business. A good business plan would include details about this.In addition to the items discussed above, make sure to include information on revenues, expenses, assets, liabilities, net income, net assets, working capital, profit and loss, interest expense, investment income, and fixed assets. You should also be able to provide financial projections for the next year, five years, ten years, and beyond.Marketing is also an important element in a business plan. A good marketing plan will include information about your marketing budget, marketing methods, product offerings, and marketing collateral. Marketing materials are often crucial in establishing a successful marketing campaign. A strong and well-developed marketing plan is essential to a business' success.Also important is having a business plan for when your business starts to gain traction. A business plan can help you determine how much capital you will need and how you can use that capital. A business plan can also help you determine the income that you may be eligible to receive from a venture. It is important to consider the risks associated with a business and to discuss what the business can and cannot do. You should also consider the advantages and disadvantages of entering into a business.Y our business plan will need to be reviewed by a professional before you take it to a business plan drafting service. A professional will analyze your business plan and discuss how it may fit into the development of your business. A professional should help you determine what information you need to include in your business plan. Furthermore, a professional will help you map out your budget for the business and how it will be used.Once you've written your business plan, it is important to use a business plan writing service. A professional company will take care of all the details of writing your business plan and marketing plan and will prepare them to market your business. They will even help you enter in national and international business competitions. In addition, a business writing service will help you write any contracts and other legal documents needed to start your business. Finally, a professional service will help you develop an effective distribution strategy.In conclusi on, a business plan is the backbone of a successful business. To start a business successfully, it is important to have a comprehensive business plan that outlines all of the key factors that you must think about and consider while developing your business.

Georgiana in The Birthmark by Nathaniel Hawthorne :: essays research papers

In “The Birthmark,'; by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Georgiana’s vain endeavor to be impeccable by coordinating in her own homicide doesn’t make her any more astute, particularly on the grounds that such a penance doesn't acquire her closeness with her significant other. The character of Georgiana typifies the temperances maintained by the shows of her time; she is delightful, mild and has no desire of her own other than to fulfill her better half. Notwithstanding this clear impeccable association is a "singular mark, profoundly entwined, in a manner of speaking, with the surface and substance of her face" (Hawthorne 11). The pigmentation is diversely deciphered by all. At first Georgiana thinks about the skin pigmentation, as “a appeal,'; and Aylmer knows not “whether to term [the birthmark] a deformity or a marvel . . .'; (Hawthorne 11). Most people of her own sex alludes it as “the bleeding hand,'; that “Quite destroy(s) the impact of Georgiana’s magnificence . . .'; (Hawthorne 11). While her admirers “were won’t to state that some pixie at her introduction to the world hour had laid her little hand upon the infant’s cheek, and left this intrigue [the birthmark] there in token of the enchantment enrichments that were to give her such influence over all hearts'; (Hawthorne 11). Georgiana’s easygoing methodology towards the pigmentation uncovers while she answers “No, in fact,'; when her significant other asks her “has it never happened to you [Geor giana] that the imprint upon your cheek may be expelled?'; (Hawthorne 10). Aylmer anyway dreams the skin pigmentation as Hawthorne says “small blue stains which once in a while happen in the most flawless sculpture marble . . .'; (11). Later on “Georgiana soon learn(s) to shiver'; as her husband’s scorn towards the skin coloration significantly expands (Hawthorne 12). Aylmer’s fixation before long beginnings reflecting in Georgiana. She now overlooks all admonitions and falls prey to her husband’s aspiration of expelling the skin coloration, of which, he despite the fact that is “convinced of the ideal practicability . . .'; (Hawthorne 13). Georgiana gains from Aylmer’s dream that, there may be a circumstance over the span of the activity when he may be “inexorably set out to cut or wrench it [her heart] away'; (Hawthorne 13). Her ongoing translation of the skin coloration dominates this fantasy as she presently even at the “remotest probability'; needs that “the endeavor be made, at whatever chance'; (Hawthorne 13). Aylemer’s dream anyway isn't the main admonition that Georgiana gets. Aylmer to pick up trust in her better half and to pronounce achievement in his new pursuit plays out a few examinations, which results useless.

Minister Dubs Dubai An Entrepreneurial Paradise

The Hult Prize regionals in Dubai featured prestigious judges from the region, including the Minister of Culture, Youth and Community Development, Sheikh Nahyan bin Mubarak Al Nahyan. Addressing the competitors in a rousing speech, the Minister said that his country connected with the purpose of the prize even more because â€Å"the very development of the United Arab Emirates has been an entrepreneurial project.† He also praised the values shared by all the Prize’s partners, including Hult International Business School, as â€Å"efficient business practices and the wise expenditure of funds to improve the quality of life for all.† Read his rousing speech in full below. Distinguished Guests, Aspiring Social Entrepreneurs, Ladies and Gentlemen: I don’t know how you are going to do it. It seems like an impossible task. I have trouble believing that anyone could build a social healthcare enterprise, that by the year 2019 serves the needs of 25 million poverty-stricken slum dwellers suffering from chronic diseases. And yet I am assured that this audience is filled with 46 teams of university students who actually have plans for just such an enterprise. You are examples of what the Nobel Prize winning biologist Albert Szent-Georgi once said, and whom I paraphrase: â€Å"You have seen what others have seen, and thought what they have not!† I am impressed, and have the deepest admiration for the depth of thinking and innovation that you and your global colleagues, who are now here to celebrate your success, have shown in this Hult Prize 2014 competition. To those of you who have journeyed to the United Arab Emirates from abroad, I offer a special welcome. You are in a city that recognizes and celebrates your entrepreneurial spirit. Dubai is an entrepreneur’s paradise. In fact, the very development of the United Arab Emirates has been an entrepreneurial project. And we connect even closer to your work because our project, while always seeking economic success, has sought prosperity and the social well-being of our population, no matter their country of origin. His Highness the President, Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al-Nahayan, has firmly linked government policies and national laws to social action when he said: â€Å"Our country respects human rights and provides ways to dignified living to all who live on our lands.† Those actions never end because the concerns of society, about health, safety, education, employment, utilities, recreation, housing, and aging are perpetual. Vigilant and empathetic leaders must not only be social entrepreneurs themselves, but they must be catalysts for others to engage in important social entrepreneurship activities. The Hult Prize provides just this type of catalyst to you and others as aspiring young social entrepreneurs. National leaders around the world have a great deal to learn from you and your colleagues who have submitted such imaginative proposals to address this year’s Hult Prize theme of non-communicable diseases that affect millions of our poorest and least healthy people, and who have limited access to proper health care. First, the Hult Prize competition relies on crowdsourcing. Some governments have on occasion sought solutions to social problems by soliciting contributions from the online community. But governmental crowdsourcing worldwide is quite rare. Quite common, however, is a government without the ideas or the funds to deal successfully with serious social problems. Second, the Hult Prize competition relies on a combination of enlightened generosity and keen business sense. History shows that governments often expend funds irrationally, do not routinely operate as efficient businesses and too often pay too little attention to the poorest of their people. On the contrary, Bertil Hult, the primary benefactor of the Hult prize, has always valued efficient business practices and the wise expenditure of funds to improve the quality of life for all. Those values guide Hult International Business School, the Clinton Global Initiative, and the Center of Innovation, Excellence and Leadership—the three Hult Prize partners. Third, the Hult Prize competition relies on youth. The late Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al-Nahayan, the wise and vigorous social entrepreneur who founded the United Arab Emirates, strongly believed that â€Å"A countrys only true resource is its youth.† His wisdom has been our strength. All governments should ensure that their young people benefit from the finest education and enter an economy that welcomes their learning, their new ideas, their social awareness, their compassion, their technical competence, their ambition and their dreams. The Hult Prize competition extends that welcome, and you contestants have responded brilliantly. Here is my message to all participants in the Hult Prize 2014 competition: remain true to your commitments to improve the quality of life for all of our global brothers and sisters. Press forward into the dismal slums of our world with your social healthcare enterprise. And remember that after the proposal that wins this year’s Hult Prize meets its goal to serve the needs of 25 million ailing slum dwellers, a staggering number of other slum dwellers—225 million, to be specific—will remain without healthcare for their chronic diseases. Do not abandon your work or your ideals. Become the social entrepreneurs that our world must have. Our world needs you as the catalysts to improve the quality of life for all on this planet. I am sure each of you here tonight is confident that your team’s proposal deserves the one million dollar prize, because I too am confident that you are right. And to those other teams who cannot be with us here, I extend my appreciation for the creativity, energy and deep thought that you gave to the ideas that you submitted. You, too, have exhibited the kind of social entrepreneurship innovation that this world needs. Thank you, as well. Thanks again to Ahmad Askhar and his associates on the Hult Prize team for a grand celebration of crowdsourcing, social entrepreneurship, and youth. And thanks to you, young competitors.  You are  are  our world’s future. Thank you. Hult offers a range of highly skills-focused and employability-driven business school programs including a range of MBA options and a comprehensive one year Masters in International Business. To find out more, take a look at our blog Student perspective: Adjusting to life abroad and how I knew Hult was right for me. Download a brochure or get in touch today to find out how Hult can help you to learn about the business world, the future, and yourself. Hult Rotation offers you a chance to study in a truly global way. Our rotation program allows you to study and be immersed in some of the finest cities in the world. 📠¸: @jasminmanzano . Hult Rotation offers you a chance to study in a truly global way. Our rotation program allows you to study and be immersed in some of the finest cities in the world. 📠¸: @jasminmanzano . Each year, Hult seeks to enroll a talented and ambitious incoming class from all over the world. We look for diverse students with a wide range of experiences, perspectives, and interests—students who will thrive in our unique educational atmosphere. Are you ready for a truly global experience? 📠¸: @iambrunadiniz . Each year, Hult seeks to enroll a talented and ambitious incoming class from all over the world. We look for diverse students with a wide range of experiences, perspectives, and interests—students who will thrive in our unique educational atmosphere. Are you ready for a truly global experience? 📠¸: @iambrunadiniz . We’re excited to start 2020 on a ranking high! Hult is proud to have been placed #28 in Poets Quants 2020 rankings for Best Undergraduate Business Schools in the US. Taking a huge leap of 32 places from our 2019 position, we’re also very happy to have secured top positions in key categories like: life-changing experience, practicality of the degree, and global immersion. . With five global campuses, a student body of over 130 nationalities, and a learn-by-doing approach—Hult offers a student experience like no other. . We’re excited to start 2020 on a ranking high! Hult is proud to have been placed #28 in Poets Quants 2020 rankings for Best Undergraduate Business Schools in the US. Taking a huge leap of 32 places from our 2019 position, we’re also very happy to have secured top positions in key categories like: life-changing experience, practicality of the degree, and global immersion. . With five global campuses, a student body of over 130 nationalities, and a learn-by-doing approach—Hult offers a student experience like no other. . â€Å"I’m from an engineering background and needed a whole new skill set for the industry I wanted to switch to. I learned a lot about myself and how I deal with being out of my comfort zone. I learned both soft and hard skills, from how to work in very diverse teams to key accounting metrics and strategy. I was surprised by how weak I was at certain tasks in English or how strong I actually was in other areas. Hult gave me opportunities to try new things and meet people from places I never thought I would have friends. . My internship experiences gave me the chance to broaden my view of different cultures and different companies. I had the opportunity to work and live with people whose values differed from people in my home country. I thought that this would be difficult, but it gave me the chance to reflect on my own values and assess if they were a result of my home country environment or if they were intrinsically mine. . Diederick ter Kulve (@diederick.terkulve) Netherlands Masters in International Business . â€Å"I’m from an engineering background and needed a whole new skill set for the industry I wanted to switch to. I learned a lot about myself and how I deal with being out of my comfort zone. I learned both soft and hard skills, from how to work in very diverse teams to key accounting metrics and strategy. I was surprised by how weak I was at certain tasks in English or how strong I actually was in other areas. Hult gave me opportunities to try new things and meet people from places I never thought I would have friends. . My internship experiences gave me the chance to broaden my view of different cultures and different companies. I had the opportunity to work and live with people whose values differed from people in my home country. I thought that this would be difficult, but it gave me the chance to reflect on my own values and assess if they were a result of my home country environment or if they were intrinsically mine. . Diederick ter Kulve (@diederick.terkulve) Netherlands Masters in International Business . Say a big hello to our Bachelor of Business Administration program cover star, Elisa Orus Plana âÅ" ¨ . â€Å"I’m excited for the future—especially that I cant predict whats going to happen. Maybe Ill end up in Mexico working for a trading company or maybe in Africa, developing my own business. Everything is possible, and the options are constantly changing. I love the idea that Im never going to be stuck doing the same job until the end of my life if I dont want it to be like this. . Hult really supports me and my ambitions and truly believes that we deserve to be considered as professionals as well as students. Here, I get to express not just my opinions but all elements of myself. From my creative side with the Fashion Society to my finance and business sides in Trading Club and the Management Consulting Club. We get a different type of learning here. Not just essential knowledge and theory, but practical skills and mindset. The school is always evolving. We’re encouraged to innovate and to always look for new ways of doing traditional things. We learn how to be more confident and become aware of how we can impact our environment. The school aims to help you become a better version of yourself and to stand out from the crowd.â€Å" . Elisa Orus Plana French Bachelor of Business Administration Class of 2021 Say a big hello to our Bachelor of Business Administration program cover star, Elisa Orus Plana âÅ" ¨ . â€Å"I’m excited for the future—especially that I cant predict whats going to happen. Maybe Ill end up in Mexico working for a trading company or maybe in Africa, developing my own business. Everything is possible, and the options are constantly changing. I love the idea that Im never going to be stuck doing the same job until the end of my life if I dont want it to be like this. . Hult really supports me and my ambitions and truly believes that we deserve to be considered as professionals as well as students. Here, I get to express not just my opinions but all elements of myself. From my creative side with the Fashion Society to my finance and business sides in Trading Club and the Management Consulting Club. We get a different type of learning here. Not just essential knowledge and theory, but practical skills and mindset. The school is always evolving. We’re encouraged to innovate and to always look for new ways of doing traditional things. We learn how to be more confident and become aware of how we can impact our environment. The school aims to help you become a better version of yourself and to stand out from the crowd.â€Å" . Elisa Orus Plana French Bachelor of Business Administration Class of 2021"> During the final days of 2019, you probably reflected on what you’ve accomplished this year—and even this decade—and what you’d like to achieve in 2020. Let us know in the comments below. During the final days of 2019, you probably reflected on what you’ve accomplished this year—and even this decade—and what you’d like to achieve in 2020. Let us know in the comments below. â€Å"The first time we did group work on the program, I went head-to-head with a colleague. It taught me a lot about how I see people, how people see me, and how conflict can be resolved in a kind and productive way. The best feedback you get, when delivered constructively, is the most critical because it really feeds into how you lead. I’ve completely reversed my leadership style—the result is so much richer and more powerful when you lead from behind and lead with strength. . Studying in tandem with working, whilst challenging, gave me the perfect platform to directly apply learning concepts into my business environment, the competitive landscape, and the real-estate industry as a whole. When I started the program, I was very happy in my corporate role. But my courage and aspirations grew to the point that I took on a whole new direction. Having my career coach, Joanna, as a sounding board allowed me to really be strategic and get to know myself. She coached me thro ugh all the interviews, the research, and the questions. It went in parallel with what I was doing academically and after six months everything just clicked. . I went into the EMBA knowing I had nothing to lose and I’ve come out with everything. Great strength, global friends, amazing learning, mentors from professors, a job I love, and the knowledge that I can set my mind to achieve anything and with the right support and resources I’ll get there.† . Kashani Wijetunga British, New Zealand Sri Lankan Associate Director Senior Strategy Consultant CBRE EMBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"The first time we did group work on the program, I went head-to-head with a colleague. It taught me a lot about how I see people, how people see me, and how conflict can be resolved in a kind and productive way. The best feedback you get, when delivered constructively, is the most critical because it really feeds into how you lead. I’ve completely reversed my leadership style—the result is so much richer and more powerful when you lead from behind and lead with strength. . Studying in tandem with working, whilst challenging, gave me the perfect platform to directly apply learning concepts into my business environment, the competitive landscape, and the real-estate industry as a whole. When I started the program, I was very happy in my corporate role. But my courage and aspirations grew to the point that I took on a whole new direction. Having my career coach, Joanna, as a sounding board allowed me to really be strategic and get to know myself. She coached me thro ugh all the interviews, the research, and the questions. It went in parallel with what I was doing academically and after six months everything just clicked. . I went into the EMBA knowing I had nothing to lose and I’ve come out with everything. Great strength, global friends, amazing learning, mentors from professors, a job I love, and the knowledge that I can set my mind to achieve anything and with the right support and resources I’ll get there.† . Kashani Wijetunga British, New Zealand Sri Lankan Associate Director Senior Strategy Consultant CBRE EMBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"It was now or never. I knew that I’d have likely stayed in my neighborhood for years to come if I didn’t take this opportunity. I’d not lived or studied outside of the U.S. before. So I left my job as a global strategist at an advertising agency and moved halfway around the world. I’ve come back a more culturally aware, well-versed person. I’ve realized that everything is a learning experience and an opportunity for growth. Ill definitely carry this mindset with me into the future. Technology and social media allow us to be different people in several places at once. Im excited to see how I can establish myself in whatever city Ill be lucky enough to call home and still maintain deep connections with people all over the world. I’m inspired by my classmates every day. Hearing some of their life stories and how getting this degree fits into their greater mission has been very humbling. My biggest challenge has been finding the ‘right’ path for me. There have been rooms Ive felt like I shouldnt be in, but now Im proud to feel as though I truly belong, wherever I am.† . Dwayne Logan, Jnr. American MBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"It was now or never. I knew that I’d have likely stayed in my neighborhood for years to come if I didn’t take this opportunity. I’d not lived or studied outside of the U.S. before. So I left my job as a global strategist at an advertising agency and moved halfway around the world. I’ve come back a more culturally aware, well-versed person. I’ve realized that everything is a learning experience and an opportunity for growth. Ill definitely carry this mindset with me into the future. Technology and social media allow us to be different people in several places at once. Im excited to see how I can establish myself in whatever city Ill be lucky enough to call home and still maintain deep connections with people all over the world. I’m inspired by my classmates every day. Hearing some of their life stories and how getting this degree fits into their greater mission has been very humbling. My biggest challenge has been finding the ‘right’ path for me. There have been rooms Ive felt like I shouldnt be in, but now Im proud to feel as though I truly belong, wherever I am.† . Dwayne Logan, Jnr. American MBA Class of 2019 . Happy New Year, Hultians! . Happy New Year, Hultians! .

History of St. Valentines Day in the 1800s

Commemorations of St. Valentine’s Day are rooted in the distant past. In the Middle Ages the tradition of choosing a romantic partner on that particular saints day began because it was believed that birds began mating on that day. Yet there doesnt seem to be any evidence that the historical Saint Valentine, an early Christian martyred by the Romans, had any connections to either birds or romance. In the 1800s, stories abounded that the roots of St. Valentine’s Day reached back to Rome and the festival of Lupercalia on the 15th of February, but modern scholars discount that idea. Despite the holidays mysterious and puzzling roots, it is obvious that people have observed St. Valentine’s Day for centuries. The famed London diarist Samuel Pepys mentioned observances of the day in the mid-1600s, complete with elaborate gift-giving among the wealthier members of society. The History of Valentine Cards It seems that the writing of special notes and letters for Valentine’s Day gained widespread popularity in the 1700s. At that time the romantic missives would have been handwritten, on ordinary writing paper. Papers made especially for Valentine greetings began to be marketed in the 1820s, and their use became fashionable in both Britain and the United States. In the 1840s, when postal rates in Britain became standardized, commercially produced Valentine cards began to grow in popularity. The cards were flat paper sheets, often printed with colored illustrations and embossed borders. The sheets, when folded and sealed with wax, could be mailed. The American Valentine Industry Began in New England According to legend, an English Valentine received by a woman in Massachusetts inspired the beginnings of the American Valentine industry. Esther A. Howland, a student at Mount Holyoke College in Massachusetts, began making Valentine cards after receiving a card produced by an English company. As her father was a stationer, she sold her cards in his store. The business grew, and she soon hired friends to help her make the cards. And as she attracted more business her hometown of Worcester, Massachusetts became the center of the American Valentine production. St. Valentines Day Became a Popular Holiday in America By the mid-1850s the sending of manufactured Valentine’s Day cards was popular enough that the New York Times published an editorial on February 14, 1856 sharply criticizing the practice: Our beaux and belles are satisfied with a few miserable lines, neatly written upon fine paper, or else they purchase a printed Valentine with verses ready made, some of which are costly, and many of which are cheap and indecent. In any case, whether decent or indecent, they only please the silly and give the vicious an opportunity to develop their propensities, and place them, anonymously, before the comparatively virtuous. The custom with us has no useful feature, and the sooner it is abolished the better. Despite the outrage from the editorial writer, the practice of sending Valentines continued to flourish throughout the mid-1800s. Popularity of the Valentine Card Boomed After the Civil War In the years following the Civil War, newspaper reports indicated that the practice of sending Valentines was actually growing. On February 4, 1867, the New York Times interviewed Mr. J.H. Hallett, who was identified as the â€Å"Superintendent of the Carrier Department of the City Post Office.† Mr. Hallett provided statistics which stated that in the year 1862 post offices in New York City had accepted 21,260 Valentines for delivery. The following next year showed a slight increase, but then in 1864 the number dropped to only 15,924. A huge change occurred in 1865, perhaps because the dark years of the Civil War were ending. New Yorkers mailed more than 66,000 Valentines in 1865, and more than 86,000 in 1866. The tradition of sending Valentine cards was turning into a big business. The February 1867 article in the New York Times reveals that some New Yorkers paid exorbitant prices for Valentines: It puzzles many to understand how one of these trifles can be gotten up in such shape as to make it sell for $100; but the fact is that even this figure is not by any means the limit of their price. There is a tradition that one of the Broadway dealers not many years ago disposed of no less than seven Valentines which cost $500 each, and it may be safely asserted that if any individual was so simple as to wish to expend ten times that sum upon one of these missives, some enterprising manufacturer would find a way to accommodate him. Valentine Cards Could Hold Lavish Gifts The newspaper explained that the most expensive Valentines actually held hidden treasures hidden inside the paper: Valentines of this class are not simply combinations of paper gorgeously gilded, carefully embossed and elaborately laced. To be sure they show paper lovers seated in paper grottoes, under paper roses, ambushed by paper cupids, and indulging in the luxury of paper kisses; but they also show something more attractive than these paper delights to the overjoyed receiver. Receptacles cunningly prepared may hide watches or other jewelry, and, of course, there is no limit to the lengths to which wealthy and foolish lovers may go. In the late 1860s, most Valentines were modestly priced, and targeted toward a mass audience. And many were designed for humorous effect, with caricatures of particular professions or ethnic groups. Indeed, many Valentines in the late 1800s were intended as jokes, and the sending of humorous cards was a fad for many years. Victorian Valentines Could Be Works of Art The legendary British illustrator of children’s books  Kate Greenaway designed Valentines in the late 1800s which were enormously popular. Her Valentine designs sold so well for the card publisher, Marcus Ward, that she was encouraged to design cards for other holidays. Some of Greenaway’s illustrations for Valentine cards were collected in a book published in 1876, ​Quiver of Love: A Collection of Valentines. By some accounts, the practice of sending Valentine cards fell off in the late 1800s, and only revived in the 1920s. But the holiday as we know it today firmly has its roots in the 1800s.

The Exponential Boom Of Technology - 1473 Words

Sai Kothapalli Professor Cynthia Pastrana English 301 B 8 June 2015 OFFSHORE EDUCATION The exponential boom of technology in 21st century is shaping societies to befit globalization. The quest for technological evolution is making globalization essential, connecting every part of the globe. The Multinational companies, International tourism overseas education are all a few outcomes of globalization. Being an international student I robustly appreciate the idea of studying overseas since it is a platform for international students to learn about different cultures, languages, lifestyles, social cues, traditions and religions. The economic disparities among nations shrinks owing to offshore education. It also assists in acquiring a mind-expanding exposure making overseas education a boon for students career. According to the article International Education in USA, from Wikipedia, there are students from as many as 76 countries studying in colleges and universities across the USA. This article highlights that in the academic year 2013-14 alone nearly 750,000 Chinese and 400,000 Indians have applied for admissions in USA. It also points out the fact that there is a sharp rise in number of international students because of undergraduates and graduates from almost all developing countries. I with Asian ethnicity travelled halfway across the globe to reach my university and gain a life changing experience for good. Equivalently all internationalShow MoreRelatedWorld War II : The Rise Of Communism1088 Words   |  5 PagesPearl Harbor. The bombing of Pearl Harbor was sent by Japan. As a result, the United States declared war on Japan and World War II started. After the war, the impact continued. After World War II, the Cold War began; which was a start to a race in technology, space, and power. The Cold War lasted several decades and was a reaction to World War II. Before the United States became involucrated in World War II, the U.S. had an idea of isolationism. 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Control Air Pollution Act Around the World Essay Sample free essay sample

In my research paper. I will be speaking about air pollution around the universe and what needs to be done about it. Peoples need to be more cognizant of air pollution around the universe. Peoples need to command what is being used in the universe. like cars that puts out fume. or the mills that pollutes the air. The authorities needs to hold people be more cognizant of the control pollution act and abide by the Torahs. Once all the people are cognizant about the control pollution act. the universe would be taking control of their actions and stay the Torahs. The air pollution causes a batch of harm around the universe. People breathe in the air pollution into their lungs. The air pollution lingers around the ambiance. Harmonizing to U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ( updated 2012 ) â€Å"The air pollution can do harm trees. harvests. other workss. lakes and animate beings. In add-on to damaging the natural environment. air pollution besides amendss edifices. memorials and statues. † People around the universe demand to state it’s clip to make something about it. The article about air pollution ( 1998 ) stated â€Å"Air pollution foremost became a seeable job in United States after the civil war. when northern metropoliss. swollen by demographic and industrial growing. began sing relentless fume chills. † When the air pollution is in the air. the living things like the workss. it absorbs the air pollution into the tegument cells and it can damage the life tissue and the growing. For the Animals. it can do them ill and/or kill them. The air pollution can do the lakes to look awful and dirty. It can kill the animals that live in the H2O and when people go swimming. it can do them vomit every bit good. In the United States the population was turning and more mills were being built for occupations. and more autos. With all the autos that are being driven around the universe. the exhausts that it puts out helps do the air being polluted. While the people ignore the jobs about the air pollution in this universe. everything in this universe i s acquiring ill and/or deceasing from the air pollution. It’s easy for people around the universe to bury about the air pollution and what causes it. But if they became cognizant of the job and how to take attention of what is doing the air pollution. we might be able to hold it under control. The air quality should be of import around the universe. If people took the clip to see what causes air pollution and what they can make to halt the pollution. it would assist command the air pollution. Harmonizing to the Air Pollution ( Henderson D. E 2013 ) . â€Å"When people breathe in contaminated air. the drosss can annoy their air transitions and their lungs. † Peoples should be more careful with all the chemicals and other air pollutants for that ground. In the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ( updated 2012 ) â€Å"The Clean Air Act ( CAA ) is the comprehensive federal jurisprudence that regulates air emanations from stationary and nomadic beginnings. This jurisprudence authorizes EPA to set up National Ambient Air Quality Standards ( NAAQS ) to protect public wellness and public public assistance and to modulate emanations of risky air pollutants. † While people are utilizing all these different sorts of air pollutants. they are take a breathing it into t heir lungs. every bit good as the other people around them and around the universe because the air pollutants travel through the air. They should see seeking utilizing something that is safe for the environment. Peoples should besides larn about the Clean Air Act. so they can understand why it’s of import about the clean air and why to avoid the air pollution. Accidental pollution is derived from forest fires. industry escape and blasts. or crude oil conveyance truck accidents. Industrial air pollution comes from thermic power workss ; industries of nutrient. pesticides. chemical fertilisers. and pharmaceuticals ; other industries or steep. paper. sugar. cement. crude oil. fabric and fabric related industries ; and atomic units. Peoples to this twenty-four hours avoid the Torahs and ordinances about Control Air Pollution Act and the Clean Air Act. If the authorities would take the clip. to state the people. that if they don’t abide by the Torahs and ordinances. they would confront a major all right and/or gaol clip. It might force people into gear and taking the clip to seek to larn everything they ca n about the Torahs and ordinances. As of today. people around the universe are poisoning the air that we breathe. We need to do better emanations. biodegradable merchandises that are risky free for the air. If people in the authorities offices would acquire together and work on a manner to do biodegradable merchandises that causes the air pollution. we might hold a opportunity to salvage some lives and have an air pollution free universe. Out-door air pollution comes from a big figure of beginnings. such as traffic. which in the urban environment is the prevailing beginning. warming. long-distance conveyance and industrial procedure. In the article Clean Air Act ( 2013 ) it says. â€Å"Clean Air Act is a U. S. jurisprudence that seeks to command air pollution. The jurisprudence. and its amendments. modulate the wastes produced by industrial procedures. by the combustion of fuel. and by other beginnings. † The act was passed sometime in early 1960’s. If the cars were covered when the original act had passed the universe would hold air pollution jobs from cars. All the fuel manufacturers were required to developed air qualities criterions. The nurseries affect our air excessively. with the gases that it produces. It produces all kinds of mundane activities. for case: it produce electricity. warming and for driving about. While the nursery gas goes to the ambiance. air moves it around the universe. and so t he gases become globally assorted. The emanation around the universe becomes a job. Some of the gases stay in the ambiance for merely a short clip but some will remain and impact the clime for many old ages. The nursery consequence will ensue in higher mean temperatures and increase the energy in climate systems. More frequent storms with heavy rainfall can be expected. which may hold indirect wellness effects in the signifier of hurts caused by falling trees and implosion therapy. Harmonizing to Life of Earth ( n. vitamin D ) it says. â€Å"There are several chief causes of air pollution. One of the chief causes of air pollution is fabricating. The 2nd chief cause is the combustion of fossil fuels. The exposure to air pollution affects human wellness. including pneumonic. cardiac. vascular. and neurological damages. † There are so many types of air pollutants that contaminate the air. It includes the olfactory property that comes from worlds. animate beings. coffin nails and the spray cans. The chemical exhausts from methanal and benzine. which it seeps from furniture and/or cleansing supplies. There are so many types of air pollutants that contaminate the air. It includes the ol factory property that comes from worlds. animate beings. coffin nails and the spay tins. The chemical exhausts from furniture and/or cleansing merchandises. In the article Clean Air Act ( 2013 ) it says. â€Å"Clean Air Act is a U. S. jurisprudence that seeks to command air pollution. The jurisprudence. and its amendments. modulate the wastes produced by industrial procedures. by the combustion of fuel. and by other beginnings. † The act was passed in 1963. If the cars were covered when the original act had passed the universe wouldn’t have air pollution jobs from cars. All the fuel manufacturers were required to developed air quality criterions. A cardinal measure in the policy-making procedure is to specify the job to be remedied. If we can non understand the job. how are we to cognize what needs to be fixed. Unfortunately. implementing policies on air pollution has the politically unwanted consequence of holding extended economic effects on all sectors of the economic system. Air pollution can be controlled around the universe by educating the people abo ut the Control Pollution Act and the Clean Air Act ; it would assist them be more cognizant about the Torahs. All the people around the universe can assist command the air pollution once they understand what is doing it. If people take the first measure to desiring to take control of what they are take a breathing in. they would assist maintain it under control every bit good. Mention Air Pollution ( 1998 ) . In Encyclopedia of Urban America: The Cities and Suburbs. Retrieved hypertext transfer protocol: //www. credoreference. com. proxylibrary. ashford. edu/entry/abcurban/air_pollution Clean Air Act. ( 2013 ) . In Academic World Book. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. worldbookonline. com/academic/article? id=ar751671 A ; st=air+pollution Foster. J ( 2012 ) . Alabama Review. Volume 65. Number 1 ( pp. 40 – 59 ) Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //muse. jhu. edu. proxy-library. ashford. edu/resultsHenderson. D. E. ( 2013 ) . Air pollution. In Academic World Book. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. worldbookonline. com/academic/article? id=ar009160 A ; st=control+pollution Jackson. Lisa P. ( Administrator ) U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved on January 26. 2013 from World Wide Web. Environmental Protection Agency. gov/air/airpollutants. hypertext markup language Jackson. Lisa P. ( Administrator ) U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved on February 2. 2013 from World Wide Web. Environmental Protection Agency. gov/lawsregs/caa. hypertext markup languageKudesia. V. P. ( 2008 ) Air Pollution. Retrieved on January 26. 2013 from eBrary